Celebrating Diwali with Green Crackers: A Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Alternative

 Introduction

Diwali, the Festival of Lights, is a time of joy and celebration for millions across India. Despite the joyous occasion, the tradition of bursting firecrackers during Diwali has elicited concerns about air and noise pollution. In response, the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) created the concept of "green crackers." In this article, we'll examine what green crackers are, how they differ from traditional firecrackers, and their potential to reduce pollution levels during Diwali celebrations.

Understanding Green Crackers

Green crackers are firecrackers that have a reduced shell size, minimal or no ash, and additives such as dust suppressants to reduce emissions, particularly particulate matter (PM). These eco-friendly crackers are designed to produce nearly 30% less noise than traditional firecrackers. One of the primary differences between green crackers and conventional ones is the lack of barium compounds, which are responsible for the distinctive green color in traditional crackers. Barium nitrate, a metal oxide found in conventional crackers, contributes to air and noise pollution.

Identifying Green Crackers

To make it easy for consumers to identify green crackers, CSIR-NEERI has created a unique green logo that manufacturers must display on the packaging of these eco-friendly fireworks. Additionally, each pack of green crackers includes a Quick Response (QR) code that can be scanned to verify the authenticity of the product and its environmentally sustainable composition. Consumers must search for the CSIR-NEERI logo and QR code when purchasing crackers to ensure they are supporting the use of green alternatives.

The Advantages of Green Crackers

Reduced Air Pollution

One of the primary benefits of green crackers is their ability to significantly reduce air pollution. Traditional firecrackers contain hazardous chemicals that can have detrimental effects on the environment and human health. In contrast, green crackers are manufactured using alternative raw materials that have a lower carbon footprint and pose lesser risks to our well-being. By eliminating or minimizing the use of hazardous compounds, green crackers help in curbing air pollution, making them a more environmentally friendly choice.

Lower Noise Levels

Another advantage of green crackers is their reduced noise levels. Conventional firecrackers produce approximately 160 decibels of sound, which can be highly disruptive and harmful to both humans and animals. In contrast, green crackers emit sounds between 110 and 125 decibels, making them nearly 30% less noisy than their traditional counterparts. This decrease in noise pollution contributes to a more peaceful and enjoyable Diwali celebration for everyone.

Sustainable Manufacturing

The development of green crackers also emphasizes sustainable manufacturing practices. The CSIR has collaborated with numerous licensed manufacturers to ensure the production, sale, and storage of green crackers adhere to strict environmental standards. These manufacturers have replaced hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives, minimizing the impact on the environment and human health. By promoting sustainable manufacturing, green crackers not only benefit the consumers but also contribute to a greener and cleaner future.

Types of Green Crackers

The CSIR-NEERI has categorized green crackers into three types: Safe Water Releaser (SWAS), Safe Thermite Cracker (STAR), and Safe Minimal Aluminium (SAFAL).

Safe Water Releaser (SWAS)

SWAS green crackers are designed to release water vapor into the atmosphere, reducing the amount of dust emitted during the bursting of crackers. These crackers do not contain sulphur or potassium nitrate, which are commonly found in traditional firecrackers. By eliminating these compounds, SWAS crackers emit 30% less particulate matter, contributing to a significant reduction in air pollution.

Safe Thermite Cracker (STAR)

STAR green crackers, similar to SWAS crackers, do not contain sulphur or potassium nitrate. In addition to reducing particulate matter emissions, STAR crackers also have lower sound intensity compared to conventional firecrackers. These crackers provide a safer and more eco-friendly option for Diwali celebrations while still offering the joy and excitement of bursting crackers.

Safe Minimal Aluminium (SAFAL)

SAFAL green crackers focus on minimizing the usage of aluminum, a common component in traditional firecrackers. By replacing aluminum with magnesium, SAFAL crackers produce reduced levels of pollutants while maintaining an enjoyable burst of light and color. These crackers are an excellent choice for individuals who prioritize sustainability and want to make a positive impact on the environment.

The Impact of Green Crackers

Air Pollution Reduction

According to experts, green crackers can contribute to a 30% reduction in air pollution compared to traditional firecrackers. The absence of harmful chemicals and the use of alternative raw materials help to minimize the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. Additionally, the release of water vapor during the bursting of green crackers aids in settling down dust particles, further improving air quality.

Noise Pollution Reduction

Green crackers offer a significant reduction in noise pollution during Diwali celebrations. The lower sound intensity of these crackers ensures a quieter and more peaceful environment for both humans and animals. This reduction in noise levels can have a positive impact on individuals who are sensitive to loud sounds and contribute to a more enjoyable festive experience.

Economic Impact

The introduction of green crackers has had both positive and negative economic impacts. While the production and sale of traditional firecrackers have faced restrictions, the manufacturing and sale of green crackers have provided opportunities for licensed manufacturers. However, it is important to note that the transition to green crackers has affected the livelihoods of small-scale firecracker manufacturers who have not been able to meet the necessary requirements for producing green alternatives.

Challenges and Concerns

Lack of Awareness and Availability

One of the key challenges in promoting green crackers is the lack of awareness among consumers and retailers. Many people are still unaware of the concept of green crackers and how they differ from traditional ones. Additionally, the availability of green crackers in the market is limited, with some regions facing shortages due to the transition process. It is crucial to educate the public about the benefits of green crackers and ensure their widespread availability to encourage their adoption.

Enforcement of Regulations

Enforcing regulations on the production, sale, and use of green crackers poses a significant challenge. The responsibility falls on state pollution control boards to ensure compliance with environmental standards. However, due to various factors such as lack of resources and coordination, effective enforcement becomes a complex task. Strict monitoring and collaboration between government bodies, manufacturers, and retailers are necessary to ensure the successful implementation of green cracker regulations.

Conclusion

Green crackers offer a promising solution to reduce air and noise pollution during Diwali celebrations. These eco-friendly alternatives, developed by CSIR-NEERI, provide a safer and more enjoyable experience while minimizing the negative impact on our environment. By supporting the use of green crackers, we can contribute to cleaner air, a quieter celebration, and a greener future for generations to come. Let us embrace the spirit of Diwali while prioritizing the well-being of our planet and communities.